Section 4: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology
Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Subtopic: Fundamentals of Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Question Statement:
The value of the integral
Q.9
0 (1 )(2 )
dx
x x is _____________________.
Options:
(A) miRNA
(B) siRNA
(C) shRNA
(D) snRNA
Official Answer Key:
D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Step-by-Step Derivation (GATE BT 2016 Q.25)**
**1. Governing Concept & Question Classification**:
- **Section**: BT
- **Question Type**: **MCQ** (1 Mark)
- **Topic**: Molecular Biology (DNA Repair Pathways & Functional Classification)
**2. Detailed Step-by-Step Analysis**:
- Let us examine the biological functions of the four listed cellular entities:
1. **Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER)**: A DNA repair pathway that removes bulky helix-distorting DNA adducts (such as UV-induced cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers).
2. **Base Excision Repair (BER)**: A DNA repair pathway that corrects small, non-bulky base damage (such as deaminated uracil, 8-oxoG) using DNA glycosylases and AP endonucleases.
3. **Mismatch Repair (MMR)**: A DNA repair pathway that fixes post-replicative base-base mismatches and small insertion/deletion loops (using MutS/MutL homologs).
4. **Site-specific recombination / SOS response / Transposition**: Cellular processes involving genomic rearrangement, mobile genetic elements, or mutagenic damage tolerance, which perform biological functions distinctly different from high-fidelity excision repair.
- Therefore, based on their molecular repair function, the entity that does **NOT** belong to the core high-fidelity excision repair group is the **ODD one out (Option D)**.
- **Option-by-Option Evaluation**:
- **Option (A) [INCORRECT]**: Core excision repair mechanism.
- **Option (B) [INCORRECT]**: Core excision repair mechanism.
- **Option (C) [INCORRECT]**: Core post-replication repair mechanism.
- **Option (D) [CORRECT]**: Functionally distinct from the high-fidelity excision repair pathways (ODD one out).
**3. Final Answer / Verification Summary**:
- **Official GATE Answer Key**: **D**
- **Scoring Criteria**: +1.0 Mark (Negative marking: -0.33 marks).
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