Section 4: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology
Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Subtopic: Fundamentals of Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Question Statement:
Match the item in Column I with the corresponding technique in Column II.
Column I Column II
P. Blue laser 1. Electron microscopy
Q. Tungsten filament 2. Fluorescence activated cell sorting
R. 15N labelled protein 3. Electrophoresis
S. Polyacrylamide 4. Nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy
Options:
(A) P-2; Q-3; R-1; S-4
(B) P-2; Q-1; R-4; S-3
(C) P-3; Q-1; R-4; S-2
(D) P-1; Q-2; R-4; S-3
Official Answer Key:
B
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2024 Q.41)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Analytical & Biophysical Techniques
- Instrumentation components and techniques:
- **P. Blue laser** ($488\text{ nm}$) $\rightarrow$ Primary excitation light source in **Flow Cytometry (FACS)** for fluorophore excitation $\rightarrow$ **2**
- **Q. Tungsten filament** $\rightarrow$ Thermionic electron gun / source in **Electron Microscopy (SEM/TEM)** $\rightarrow$ **1**
- **R. Deuterium lamp** $\rightarrow$ Standard continuum light source for ultraviolet spectrum ($190-380\text{ nm}$) in **UV-Visible Spectroscopy** $\rightarrow$ **4**
- **S. Quadrupole** $\rightarrow$ Radio-frequency/DC voltage mass filter separating ions based on $m/z$ in **Mass Spectrometry** $\rightarrow$ **3**
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns deuterium lamp to electron microscopy.
- **Option (B) [P-2; Q-1; R-4; S-3] is CORRECT**: Perfectly pairs every physical instrument with its canonical hardware component.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns blue laser to mass spectrometry.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Swaps laser and tungsten sources.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **B**
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