Subtopic: Fundamentals of Cell structure and signaling
Question Statement:
Match the industrial enzyme (Column I) with its application (Column II).
Column I Column II
P. Lipase 1. Maltose syrup production
Q. Ficin 2. Oil degradation
R. Amylase 3. Oligosaccharide/monosaccharide production
S. Glucosidase 4. Meat tenderization
Options:
(A) P-3; Q-4; R-2; S-1
(B) P-2; Q-4; R-1; S-3
(C) P-2; Q-3; R-1; S-4
(D) P-1; Q-2; R-4; S-3
Official Answer Key:
B
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2024 Q.37)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Industrial Biotechnology & Applied Enzymology
- Industrial enzyme applications:
- **P. Lipase** $\rightarrow$ Catalyzes ester hydrolysis/synthesis; widely utilized in detergent formulations and **biodiesel production** via transesterification of oils $\rightarrow$ **2**
- **Q. Lactase** ($\beta$-galactosidase) $\rightarrow$ Hydrolyzes lactose into glucose and galactose to produce **low-lactose milk** for lactose-intolerant consumers $\rightarrow$ **4**
- **R. $\beta$-Amylase** $\rightarrow$ Exoglycosidase cleaving maltose units from non-reducing ends of starch; used in producing **maltose syrup** $\rightarrow$ **1**
- **S. Pectinase** $\rightarrow$ Hydrolyzes pectin polymers in plant cell walls; applied for **fruit juice clarification** $\rightarrow$ **3**
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is INCORRECT**: Erroneous pairing of lipase with juice clarification.
- **Option (B) [P-2; Q-4; R-1; S-3] is CORRECT**: Unambiguous, established industrial enzyme pairings.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns lactase and pectinase.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns lipase to maltose syrup.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **B**
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