Subtopic: Fundamentals of Biomolecules, enzyme kinetics
Question Statement:
The relationship that involves the exchange of nutrients between two different
species for their mutual growth is called ________.
Options:
(A) antagonism
(B) commensalism
(C) parasitism
(D) syntrophism
Official Answer Key:
D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2024 Q.15)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Microbial Ecology & Interspecies Interactions
- **Syntrophism** (cross-feeding) is a mutually beneficial biological relationship where two different species depend on each other for nutritional exchange (e.g., one organism utilizes the metabolic end-product of another, keeping reaction equilibria favorable).
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) [antagonism] is INCORRECT**: Refers to inhibition or killing of one organism by another (e.g., antibiotic production).
- **Option (B) [commensalism] is INCORRECT**: One organism benefits while the other is unaffected (no reciprocal mutual nutrient exchange).
- **Option (C) [parasitism] is INCORRECT**: One organism benefits at the direct metabolic expense and harm of the host.
- **Option (D) [syntrophism] is CORRECT**: Explicitly defines obligate reciprocal nutrient exchange for mutual metabolic sustenance.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **D**
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