Subtopic: Fundamentals of Biomolecules, enzyme kinetics
Question Statement:
Match the type of bacteria in Group I with their respective growth properties in
Group II.
Group I Group II
P. Halophile 1. Grows optimally between 20 ℃ and 45 ℃
Q. Piezophile 2. Grows best at low water activity
R. Mesophile 3. Grows at high level of salt
S. Xerophile 4. Grows optimally at high hydrostatic pressure
Options:
(A) P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2
(B) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
(C) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4
(D) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2023 Q.37)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Microbiology & Extremophilic Microbial Physiology
- Matching extremophiles with growth characteristics:
- **P. Halophile** $\rightarrow$ Adapted to hypersaline environments; **grows at high levels of salt** (e.g., *Halobacterium*) $\rightarrow$ **3**
- **Q. Piezophile (Barophile)** $\rightarrow$ Adapted to deep-sea abyssal trenches; **grows optimally at high hydrostatic pressure** $\rightarrow$ **4**
- **R. Mesophile** $\rightarrow$ Standard physiological temperature range; **grows optimally between 20 °C and 45 °C** $\rightarrow$ **1**
- **S. Xerophile** $\rightarrow$ Adapted to arid, desiccated conditions; **grows best at low water activity ($a_w$)** $\rightarrow$ **2**
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) [P-3, Q-4, R-1, S-2] is CORRECT**: Completely accurate, established microbiological classifications.
- **Option (B) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns halophile to low water activity.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns piezophile to mesophilic temperature.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns halophile to hydrostatic pressure.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **A**
Practice This in Real CBT Exam Interface
Test yourself with the official TCS-iON palette, virtual calculator, and immediate performance analytics.