Section 4: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology
Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Subtopic: Fundamentals of Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Question Statement:
Match the component of eukaryotic cells (Column I) with its respective function
(Column II).
Column I
Column II
P. Lysosome
1. Digestion of macromolecules
Q. Peroxisome
2. Detoxification of harmful compounds
R. Glyoxysome
3. Conversion of fatty acids to sugar
S. Cytoskeleton
4. Involvement in cell motility
Options:
(A) P-1, Q-2, R-3, S-4
(B) P-2, Q-1, R-3, S-4
(C) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4
(D) P-4, Q-3, R-1, S-2
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2022 Q.20)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Cell Biology & Organellar Functions
- Matching eukaryotic cellular compartments with primary biochemical functions:
- Nucleolus $\rightarrow$ Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) transcription and ribosome subunit assembly.
- Peroxisome $\rightarrow$ $\beta$-oxidation of very long-chain fatty acids (VLCFA) and $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$ metabolism via catalase.
- Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum $\rightarrow$ Synthesis and co-translational translocation of membrane and secretory proteins.
- Lysosome $\rightarrow$ Acid hydrolase-mediated degradation of macromolecules.
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is CORRECT**: Accurately pairs all four subcellular organelles with their primary physiological roles.
- **Option (B) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns peroxisomal functions.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns nucleolar role to secretory pathways.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Inverts lysosomal and peroxisomal enzymes.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **A**
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