Match separation methods in Group I with associated properties in Group
Group I
Group I
P. Centrifugation
1. Density
Q. Dialysis
2. Diffusivity
R. Solvent extraction
3. Size
S. Ultrafiltration
4. Solubility
Options:
(A) | P-4, Q-2, R-1, S-3
(B) P-3, Q-1, R-2, S-4
(C) P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-4
(D) P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3
Official Answer Key:
D
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2021 Q.38)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Downstream Processing & Bioseparation Principles
- Matching separation operations with the underlying physical separation property:
- **P. Centrifugation** $\rightarrow$ Separates particles based on difference in **density** (and size/shape) under centrifugal acceleration field $\rightarrow$ **1**
- **Q. Dialysis** $\rightarrow$ Passive transport of solute across semipermeable membrane based on concentration gradient and **diffusivity** $\rightarrow$ **2**
- **R. Solvent extraction** $\rightarrow$ Partitioning of solutes between two immiscible liquid phases based on differential **solubility** (partition coefficient $K$) $\rightarrow$ **4**
- **S. Ultrafiltration** $\rightarrow$ Pressure-driven membrane separation governed by molecular weight cut-off (**size**) $\rightarrow$ **3**
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is INCORRECT**: Misidentifies centrifugation as solubility.
- **Option (B) is INCORRECT**: Misidentifies centrifugation as size.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Swaps dialysis and solvent extraction.
- **Option (D) [P-1, Q-2, R-4, S-3] is CORRECT**: Direct correspondence between physical property and unit operation.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **D**
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