Subtopic: Fundamentals of Downstream processing (chromatography, filtration)
Question Statement:
Match sub-cellular organelles listed in Group I with their features listed in Group II:
Group I
Group Il
[P] Mitochondrion
1. Single-membrane enclosed
[Q] Chloroplast
2. Double-membrane enclosed
[R] Nucleus
3. Maternal inheritance
[S] Endoplasmic reticulum 4. Endosymbiotic origin
Options:
(A) P-1, Q-4, R-2, S-3
(B) P-2, Q-3, R-4, S-1
(C) P-3, Q-4, R-2, S-1
(D) P-3, Q-1, R-4, S-2
Official Answer Key:
C
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2020 Q.48)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Cell Biology & Organellar Marker Enzymes
- Matching sub-cellular organelles with definitive diagnostic marker enzymes:
- **Mitochondria (Inner membrane)** $\rightarrow$ **Succinate dehydrogenase** (Complex II) / Cytochrome c oxidase.
- **Lysosome** $\rightarrow$ **Acid phosphatase** (acid hydrolase active at pH 4.5–5.0).
- **Peroxisome** $\rightarrow$ **Catalase** (decomposes $\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$ to water and oxygen).
- **Endoplasmic reticulum** $\rightarrow$ **Glucose-6-phosphatase** (smooth ER luminal enzyme).
- **Golgi complex** $\rightarrow$ **Galactosyltransferase**.
- Matches Option (C).
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns acid phosphatase to mitochondria.
- **Option (B) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns catalase to lysosomes.
- **Option (C) is CORRECT**: Every sub-cellular organelle is paired with its definitive textbook marker enzyme.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Inverts Golgi and ER markers.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **C**
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