Section 4: Bioprocess Engineering and Process Biotechnology
Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Subtopic: Fundamentals of Mass transfer in bioprocesses (kLa)
Question Statement:
Match the organelles in Group I with their functions in Group II.
P. Lysosome
Group I
Group Il
1. Digestion of foreign substances
Q. Smooth ER
2. Protein targeting
R. Golgi apparatus
3. Lipid synthesis
S. Nucleolus
4. Protein synthesis
5. IRNA synthesis
Options:
(A) P-1, Q-3, R-2, S-5
(B) P-1, Q-4, R-5, S-3
(C) P-2, Q-5, R-3, S-4
(D) P-1, Q-3, R-4, S-5
Official Answer Key:
A
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2019 Q.38)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Cell Biology & Organellar Functions
- Matching organelles with biochemical functions:
- **P. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum** $\rightarrow$ Lipid and steroid hormone biosynthesis, xenobiotic detoxification $\rightarrow$ **Lipid biosynthesis**
- **Q. Peroxisome** $\rightarrow$ $\beta$-oxidation of very long chain fatty acids and **$\text{H}_2\text{O}_2$ degradation** via catalase
- **R. Golgi apparatus** $\rightarrow$ Post-translational modification, O-linked glycosylation, and **protein sorting**
- **S. Lysosome** $\rightarrow$ Autophagy and **macromolecular degradation** via acid hydrolases
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) is CORRECT**: Accurately pairs all four eukaryotic organelles with their primary physiological activities.
- **Option (B) is INCORRECT**: Misassigns peroxisome to lipid synthesis.
- **Option (C) is INCORRECT**: Inverts Golgi and lysosome roles.
- **Option (D) is INCORRECT**: Misidentifies Smooth ER function.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **A**
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