GATE BT 2019 • Q16
MCQ • 1 Mark
Section 2: General Biotechnology
Cell structure and signaling
Subtopic: Fundamentals of Cell structure and signaling
Question Statement:
to 0.6
2
49
NAT
128 to 130
2
50
NAT
2.20 to 2.50
2
51
NAT
12500 to 14500
2
52
NAT
970 to 1010
2
53
NAT
ВТ
1 to 1
2
54
NAT
9 to 10
2
55
NAT
30 to 30
2
Options:
-
(A) M
-
(B) G1
-
(C) S
-
(D) Go
Step-by-Step Solution & Explanation
### **Official Solution & Concept Analysis (GATE BT 2019 Q.16)**
**1. Governing Concept**:
- **Topic**: Cell Biology & Eukaryotic Cell Cycle Phases
- In the eukaryotic mitotic cell cycle:
- **$G_1$ phase (Gap 1)**: Cellular growth, protein synthesis, metabolic accumulation, and preparation for replication.
- **$S$ phase (Synthesis phase)**: Replication of nuclear genomic **DNA synthesis** and duplication of centrosomes occur exclusively during this phase. DNA content doubles from $2C$ to $4C$.
- **$G_2$ phase (Gap 2)**: Growth and synthesis of mitotic machinery (tubulin).
- **$M$ phase (Mitosis)**: Nuclear division (karyokinesis) and cell division (cytokinesis).
- **$G_0$ phase**: Quiescent, non-dividing post-mitotic arrest state.
**2. Option Analysis**:
- **Option (A) [M] is INCORRECT**: Mitotic chromosome segregation phase.
- **Option (B) [G1] is INCORRECT**: Pre-replicative growth phase.
- **Option (C) [S] is CORRECT**: The specific eukaryotic cell cycle stage where DNA synthesis takes place.
- **Option (D) [G0] is INCORRECT**: Quiescent resting phase.
**3. Final Answer**:
- **Correct Choice**: **C**
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